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---
title: Floating labels
description: Create beautifully simple form labels that float over your input fields.
toc: true
---
## Example
Wrap a pair of `<input class="form-control">` and `<label>` elements in `.form-floating` to enable floating labels with Bootstrap’s textual form fields.
A non-empty `placeholder` attribute is required on each `<input>` as our CSS-only floating label implementation relies on the `:placeholder-shown` pseudo-element to detect when the input is empty. The placeholder text itself is not visible; only the `<label>` is shown to users.
Also note that the `<input>` must come first so we can utilize a sibling selector (i.e., `~`).
<Example code={`<div class="form-floating mb-3">
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="floatingInput" placeholder="name@example.com">
<label for="floatingInput">Email address</label>
</div>
<div class="form-floating">
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="floatingPassword" placeholder="Password">
<label for="floatingPassword">Password</label>
</div>`} />
When there’s a `value` already defined, `<label>`s will automatically adjust to their floated position.
<Example code={`<form class="form-floating">
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="floatingInputValue" placeholder="name@example.com" value="test@example.com">
<label for="floatingInputValue">Input with value</label>
</form>`} />
Form validation styles also work as expected.
<Example code={`<form class="form-floating">
<input type="email" class="form-control is-invalid" id="floatingInputInvalid" placeholder="name@example.com" value="test@example.com">
<label for="floatingInputInvalid">Invalid input</label>
</form>`} />
## Textareas
By default, `<textarea>`s with `.form-control` will be the same height as `<input>`s.
<Example code={`<div class="form-floating">
<textarea class="form-control" placeholder="Leave a comment here" id="floatingTextarea"></textarea>
<label for="floatingTextarea">Comments</label>
</div>`} />
To set a custom height on your `<textarea>`, do not use the `rows` attribute. Instead, set an explicit `height` (either inline or via custom CSS).
<Example code={`<div class="form-floating">
<textarea class="form-control" placeholder="Leave a comment here" id="floatingTextarea2" style="height: 100px"></textarea>
<label for="floatingTextarea2">Comments</label>
</div>`} />
## Selects
Other than `.form-control`, floating labels are only available on `.form-select`s. They work in the same way, but unlike `<input>`s, they’ll always show the `<label>` in its floated state. **Selects with `size` and `multiple` are not supported.**
<Example code={`<div class="form-floating">
<select class="form-select" id="floatingSelect" aria-label="Floating label select example">
<option selected>Open this select menu</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
<label for="floatingSelect">Works with selects</label>
</div>`} />
## Disabled
Add the `disabled` boolean attribute on an input, a textarea or a select to give it a grayed out appearance, remove pointer events, and prevent focusing.
<Example code={`<div class="form-floating mb-3">
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="floatingInputDisabled" placeholder="name@example.com" disabled>
<label for="floatingInputDisabled">Email address</label>
</div>
<div class="form-floating mb-3">
<textarea class="form-control" placeholder="Leave a comment here" id="floatingTextareaDisabled" disabled></textarea>
<label for="floatingTextareaDisabled">Comments</label>
</div>
<div class="form-floating mb-3">
<textarea class="form-control" placeholder="Leave a comment here" id="floatingTextarea2Disabled" style="height: 100px" disabled>Disabled textarea with some text inside</textarea>
<label for="floatingTextarea2Disabled">Comments</label>
</div>
<div class="form-floating">
<select class="form-select" id="floatingSelectDisabled" aria-label="Floating label disabled select example" disabled>
<option selected>Open this select menu</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
<label for="floatingSelectDisabled">Works with selects</label>
</div>`} />
## Readonly plaintext
Floating labels also support `.form-control-plaintext`, which can be helpful for toggling from an editable `<input>` to a plaintext value without affecting the page layout.
<Example code={`<div class="form-floating mb-3">
<input type="email" readonly class="form-control-plaintext" id="floatingEmptyPlaintextInput" placeholder="name@example.com">
<label for="floatingEmptyPlaintextInput">Empty input</label>
</div>
<div class="form-floating mb-3">
<input type="email" readonly class="form-control-plaintext" id="floatingPlaintextInput" placeholder="name@example.com" value="name@example.com">
<label for="floatingPlaintextInput">Input with value</label>
</div>`} />
## Input groups
Floating labels also support `.input-group`.
<Example code={`<div class="input-group mb-3">
<span class="input-group-text">@</span>
<div class="form-floating">
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="floatingInputGroup1" placeholder="Username">
<label for="floatingInputGroup1">Username</label>
</div>
</div>`} />
When using `.input-group` and `.form-floating` along with form validation, the `-feedback` should be placed outside of the `.form-floating`, but inside of the `.input-group`. This means that the feedback will need to be shown using javascript.
<Example code={`<div class="input-group has-validation">
<span class="input-group-text">@</span>
<div class="form-floating is-invalid">
<input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="floatingInputGroup2" placeholder="Username" required>
<label for="floatingInputGroup2">Username</label>
</div>
<div class="invalid-feedback">
Please choose a username.
</div>
</div>`} />
## Layout
When working with the Bootstrap grid system, be sure to place form elements within column classes.
<Example code={`<div class="row g-2">
<div class="col-md">
<div class="form-floating">
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="floatingInputGrid" placeholder="name@example.com" value="mdo@example.com">
<label for="floatingInputGrid">Email address</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md">
<div class="form-floating">
<select class="form-select" id="floatingSelectGrid">
<option selected>Open this select menu</option>
<option value="1">One</option>
<option value="2">Two</option>
<option value="3">Three</option>
</select>
<label for="floatingSelectGrid">Works with selects</label>
</div>
</div>
</div>`} />
## CSS
### Sass variables
<ScssDocs name="form-floating-variables" file="scss/_variables.scss" />